NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Social And Political Life Chapter 5

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5

Civics is a subject that examines the duties as well as privileges of various social class members and it is one of the most well-known fields within the social sciences. Civics studies the political, intellectual, and practical aspects of citizenship. According to the study, duties, civil law, civil standards, and rights are things that citizens should be concerned about.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 is about Judiciary. All people within our country are governed by the same set of laws. A series of predetermined processes must be followed when a law is broken. We have a judicial system comprising the machinery of courts that a person can approach when a law is broken to uphold this rule of law. The judiciary, a branch of the constitution, is an essential aspect of democracy in India.. Students can gain an understanding of the term  ‘’Judiciary’’, and also get answers to chapter-related questions by refering to Judiciary Class 8 Solutions by Extramarks. 

The best practical method to understand a chapter’s concepts is to study the NCERT solution. The NCERT Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Solutions are carefully provided by Extramarks. These Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Solutions are concise and well written, making it easier for students to understand the chapter and remember its principles.

Apart from these crisp NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5, students can access several other study materials on the website of Extramarks. Material such as NCERT books, CBSE revision notes, CBSE sample papers, CBSE past years’ question papers, and more can be easily found on the Extramarks’ website for all classes.

Key Topics Covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5

Mentioned below are the key topics that are covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5- Judiciary:

  • Judiciary 
  • What is the role of the judiciary?
  • What is an independent Judiciary?
  • What is the structure of courts in India?
  • What are the different branches of the legal system?
  • Does everyone have access to the courts?

Let us look at Extramarks in-depth information on each subtopic in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5.

Judiciary 

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 explains that the judiciary is the network of courts that hears and renders judgments in legal situations.

Importance of Judiciary:

  • The judiciary is the Constitution’s protector.
  • The judiciary is crucial in determining how people should interpret their laws.
  • It limits the executive and legislative branches’ authority.

The Need for a Judiciary

Justice refers to the equality principle. A series of predetermined processes must be followed whenever a law is broken to protect the law and deliver justice to the wronged party or parties. We require a judicial system to uphold this rule of law. In India, the judicial system is a court system, and when a law is broken, citizens may go to these courts to file a complaint.

An essential component of the government, the judiciary, is necessary to operate India’s democracy effectively. We require an independent judiciary because it enables the judiciary to carry out its duties without prejudice or outside interference.

What is the role of the judiciary?

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 explains our nation’s judiciary role. Understanding the judiciary’s functioning will help you comprehend its role. The following are the functions of the judiciary.

  • Dispute Resolution: Conflicts between individuals, between individuals and the government, between two state governments, and between the Center and the State governments can be settled through the court system’s mechanisms.
  • Judicial Review: Under its judicial review authority, the judiciary can invalidate specific legislation approved by the Parliament. This occurs when the judiciary feels that these laws violate the Constitution’s fundamental principles.
  • Upholding the law and enforcing the Fundamental Rights: Indian people may file a case in the high court or the Supreme Court if they feel that their Fundamental Rights have been infringed.

What is an independent Judiciary?

NCERT Solutions explain Independent judiciary for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 in the following section:

  • The legislative and executive arms of government are prohibited from interfering with the judiciary’s operations. The government is not a part of it, and the courts do not act on their behalf.
  • Due to the judiciary’s independence, the courts can be crucial in preventing abuse of authority by the legislative and executive branches.
  • The judiciary’s independence is essential for preserving people’ Fundamental Rights.

What is the structure of courts in India?

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 explains that India’s judicial system consists of three levels. The three tiers are as follows:

  • District court: Most individuals in the nation have their problems resolved by district courts, often known as subordinate or Tehsil level courts.
  • High court: The High court is every state’s supreme court in the nation.
  • Supreme court: Based out of Delhi, the Supreme court is the highest level of court in our country. All the subordinate courts in India are governed by the supreme court and they have to follow the rulings of the Supreme Court.

The judgements issued by higher courts are enforceable by lower courts under India’s integrated legal system. Suppose a person feels that the decision made by the lower court is incorrect or unjustified. In that case, they may appeal to a higher court under the appellate system of the Indian judiciary.

What are the different branches of the legal system?

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 states the differences between Criminal law and Civil law below:

Criminal Law:

  • Focuses on behavior or actions that the law deems to be offenses. For instance, theft, pestering a lady, dowry, and murder.
  • A First Information Report (FIR) is often filed with the police, who investigate before filing a case in court.
  • The accused may receive a prison sentence and a fine if proven guilty.

Civil Law:

  • Civil law focuses on damage or violation of a person’s rights, e.g. disputes regarding sale or purchase of real estate, the payment of rent, or also with regard to divorce lawsuits.
  • Only the affected party may file a petition with the appropriate court.
  • The court grants the precise relief requested.

Does everyone have access to the courts?

Does everyone have access to courts? NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 answers this question here. All Indian citizens have access to the courts here. This implies that everyone has a right to seek justice in a court of law. Although everyone has access to the courts, the great majority of India’s impoverished have traditionally had trouble getting there. Legal processes are time-consuming, expensive, and need a lot of documentation. To improve access to justice, the Supreme Court created the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) mechanism in the early 1980s. Any person or group was able to submit a PIL to the High Court or the Supreme Court on behalf of people whose rights were being infringed upon.

Justice delayed is denied, a saying frequently used to describe the length of time the courts take. Despite this, there is no doubt that the judiciary has been an essential part of democratic India, acting as a check on the legislative and executive branches’ authority and defending citizens’ Fundamental Rights.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Exercise and Solutions

On the Extramarks’ website, students can find NCERT solutions for every chapter and other study materials, including question papers from the past years, revision notes, extra problems, and much more.

By getting access to NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5, students can easily understand all the concepts relating to the judiciary.

Along with this, students can also refer to other solutions for primary and secondary classes:

Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5

It is strongly advised that all students read through the NCERT Solution after each chapter to score well in their upcoming exams. Extramarks provide NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 to help students understand the concepts of the entire chapter. Some of the key reasons for selecting Extramarks are elucidated as follows:

  • They cover all the chapter-related questions along with their comprehensive answers explained with proper instances and illustrations.
  • The answers in NCERT solutions are explained in detail, which gives students an idea of how to attempt a question in the final exam in the right manner
  • As the explanations are comprehensive, the fundamentals of the chapter are understood by the students in a better way.
  • Going through these solutions creates a sense of confidence in students, These solutions are prepared by keeping the CBSE guidelines in mind.
NCERT Solutions Class 8 (Civics – Social and Political Life) Chapter-wise List
Chapter 1 – The Indian Constitution
Chapter 2 – Understanding Secularism
Chapter 3 – Why do we need a Parliament
Chapter 4 – Understanding Laws
Chapter 5 – Judiciary
Chapter 6 – Understanding Our Criminal Justice System
Chapter 7 – Understanding Marginalisation
Chapter 8 – Confronting Marginalisation
Chapter 9 – Public Facilities
Chapter 10 – Law and Social Justice

Q.1 You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?

Ans. The independence of judiciary ensures that there is no interference of the legislature and executive in functioning of judiciary. This is important for upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights. If a person feels that his/her fundamental rights are being violated by the state she/he can approach the courts.

Powerful politicians and ministers cannot influence the judgment of the courts.

Q.2 Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?

Ans. Any Indian citizen who feels that his/her Fundamental Rights are being violated by the State can knock the door of the Court. This is the Right to Constitutional Remedies. The Judiciary is the final interpreter of the Constitution and has the power to review or strike down any law passed in the Parliament if it feels that the law violates the basic structure of the constitution. This is called Judicial Review. Thus, we see that the Right to Constitutional Remedies is connected and supported by the idea of Judicial Review.

Q.3 In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in class.

Ans.

Q.4 Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that are false.

(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.

(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision.

(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.

Ans.

(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court. ✓

(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision. ✕

They went to the Supreme Court after the High Court had given its decision. ✓

(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court. ✕

The accused cannot go back to the Trial Court as Supreme Court is the highest court. ✓

Q.5 Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?

Ans. In early 1980s, the Supreme Court devised a mechanism of Public Interest Litigation or PIL to increase access to justice. It allowed any person or organisation to file a PIL in the High Court or the Supreme Court on behalf of those whose rights were being violated.

The legal process was greatly simplified and even a letter or telegram addressed to the Supreme Court or the High Court could be treated as a PIL.

PIL can be used to secure justice on a large number of issues such as the issue of bonded labourers working in inhuman conditions.

Q.6 Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.

Ans. In Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation case, the judges opined that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life. They stated that life does not merely mean an animal existence; it cannot be lived without the means of livelihood. The judges conferred that eviction from a pavement or slum is deprivation of means of livelihood for the poor who cannot afford to live anywhere else. They take up small jobs in surrounding areas and to lose their pavement or slum would lead to loss of a job resulting in loss of a means of livelihood. Consequently, this will lead to “deprivation of life”. This is how the judges connected Right to Livelihood to the Right to Life.

Q.7 Write a story around the theme, ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’.

Ans. Do it yourself.

Q.8 Make sentences with each of the glossary words given on the next page.

Ans.

  • Acquit: The murder accused was acquitted by the court for the lack of evidence.
  • To Appeal: The lawyer suggested his client to appeal in the High Court against the judgment of Trial Court.
  • Compensation: The kin of the deceased factory workers were given ₹ 2 lakhs in compensation by the factory owner.
  • Eviction: The tenant was evicted from the house as he could not pay the rent.
  • Violation: The police reprimanded the motorist for violation of traffic rules.

Q.9 The following is a poster made by the Right to Food campaign.
Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food.
How does the phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” used in the poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to Food on page 61?

Ans. The duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food given in the poster are –

  • that all persons get food
  • that no one goes to sleep hungry
  • that persons who are most vulnerable to hunger like the elderly, the disabled, widows, etc. get special attention.
  • that there is no death because of malnutrition or hunger

The photo essay depicts acute shortage of food in Rajasthan and Orissa because of drought. But on the other hand, government godowns are full of food grains which are often eaten up by rats. This speaks for the inefficiency or insincerity of the government to address the problem of hunger.

The phrase in the poster – “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” is meant to remind the government that such a situation is totally unacceptable.

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FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is the court system like in India as per NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5?

 Indian courts are divided into three levels:

  • Supreme court
  • High court
  • District court

2. How would you explain PIL?

PIL, or Public Interest Litigation, is a legal action filed to safeguard issues of public concern, such as safety, pollution, etc. PIL may be filed for:

  • Opposed to governmental policies
  • For the violation of fundamental and human rights.
  • For a grievance against local government officials for failing to fulfil their obligations.

3. What do the terms law and judiciary mean?

Law is the body of regulations established by the government and used to control Indian citizens. In many ways, it influences the politics and economy of society.

In legal proceedings, the judiciary is the system of courts that explains, defends, and implements the law. The three categories of work done by the judiciary are as follows:

  • The dispute’s outcome.
  • Judicial review.
  • Defending the law and upholding fundamental rights.

4. What advantages do students get from NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5?

Students are advised to use NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 so that learning becomes easy. The precise nature of all the solutions developed by subject experts helps students to comprehend the main concepts in a better way. When using this resource often, students will be able to analyse the kinds of questions that could be asked during the final examinations.