Orbital Velocity Formula
Orbital Velocity Formula
The speed at which one body revolves around another is referred to as its Orbital Velocity Formula. Objects in orbit travel in a uniform circular motion around the Earth. The velocity of this orbit is a function of the separation between the object and the Earth’s centre.
What is Orbital Velocity?
The Orbital Velocity Formula is the speed at which one body revolves around another. It is a fundamental concept in astronomy and physics. It is widely used to launch satellites into orbit and ensure they remain in orbit. The moving body’s inertia causes it to move in a straight line, whereas gravitational force causes it to fall. Therefore, the path will result from a balance between these two forces, or an elliptical path.
When a cannon is fired from a mountaintop, the muzzle velocity of the projectile increases, and the Earth’s surface can be visualised as curving away from the projectile or satellite at the same rate that it is falling in its direction. The orbital velocity is inverse to the body’s radius and is directly proportional to the body’s mass when calculated.
If air resistance is ignored, the Earth orbits the Sun at a speed of about eight kilometres per second (five miles per second) near its surface. The gravitational pull is weaker; a satellite needs less velocity to stay in orbit the further it is from the centre of attraction.
Orbital Velocity in Space Exploration
Space exploration requires a thorough understanding of the Orbital Velocity Formula. Space agencies widely use it to learn how to launch satellites. It helps scientists figure out the velocities at which satellites must orbit a planet or other celestial body to prevent collapsing.
The two most critical calculated values to plan a satellite or space mission are orbital velocity and escape velocity. Competitive exams frequently asked questions that involve these two entities. Thus, it is critical to understand these formulas and the logic behind them to solve problems quickly. The speed at which a body revolves around another is determined by its Orbital Velocity Formula.
The Formula:
Let us now learn more about the Orbital Velocity Formula.
The Orbital Velocity Formula applies to any rotating object.
Where,
G = gravitational constant with the value 6.673×10(-11) N∙m2/kg2, M = mass of the body at centre, R = radius of orbit and In most cases M is the weight of the earth.
Solved Examples for Orbital Velocity Formula
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