Lattice Energy Formula
Lattice Energy Formula
The energy produced when two gaseous ions with opposing charges attract one another and coalesce to form an ionic solid is known as lattice energy. The total potential energy of ionic compounds is also known as lattice energy. The lattice energy UL per mole is the sum of the electrostatic and repulsive energy. The Born-Lande equation provides the lattice energy.
An ionic compound possesses the total potential energy, often known as the lattice energy. The sum of the equations for electrostatic and repulsive energy can be written as the lattice energy, which is expressed as U per mole. Thus, using both the Born-Lande equation and the fundamental rules of Coulomb, we may calculate this lattice energy. With the help of examples, this article will illustrate both this idea and the Lattice Energy Formula. Let’s study it!
Concept of Lattice Energy
Lattice energy is the term used to describe the energy that is created when two gaseous ions with opposite charges attract one another and form an ionic solid. This process is exothermic because the two ions’ attraction releases energy. Although Lattice Energy Formula can be a very difficult process to comprehend, Coulomb’s law can help.
Remember that the ionic compound is often created when a metal reacts with a non-metal. It is true that electrons move from metal to non-metal. Ionic compounds typically take the shape of hard, brittle crystals with flat surfaces known as lattices.
They melt at relatively high temperatures and do not easily distort. NaCl, for instance, melts at 801 C. These characteristics contribute to the ions’ regular arrangement in the crystalline lattice. Additionally, energy is stored in it through the potent electrostatic attractive interactions between ions with opposite charges.
The Formula for Ionic Lattice Energy
Almost any ionic solid’s Lattice Energy Formula may be calculated using a modified version of Coulomb’s equation. The following is the Lattice Energy Formula:
U=−k’Q1Q2/r0
U is a constant positive number that indicates how much energy is needed to split 1 mol of an ionic solid into gaseous ions. The proportionality constant in this case is K.
The ions’ charges are Q1 and Q2, and r0 is the inter-nuclear distance, as previously. While the inter-nuclear distance is inversely related to this lattice energy, it is directly connected to the product of the ion charges.
The Formula for Crystalline Lattice Energy
Considerations for ionic solids includes their covalent nature and electron-electron interactions. The method for crystalline Lattice Energy Formula will be shown by this. Positive ions are attracted to and repelled by ions with opposite charges, as well as ions with the same charge.
For the evaluation of the Lattice Energy Formula provided by Max Born and Alfred Landé, there are additional elements to take into account. As a result, the formula for calculating the lattice energy of a mole of crystalline solid was developed. To get the Lattice Energy Formula of a specific crystalline ionic molecule, use this Born-Landé equation. Students calculate it using a repulsive potential energy term and the electrostatic potential of the ionic lattice.
Hence, Lattice Energy Formula is,
U=NAMZ2e2(1–1n)/4πϵ0r
Where,
NA Avogadro constant
M Madelung constant for the lattice
Z+ charge number of cation
Z− charge number of anion
e elementary charge, 1.6022×10−19C
ϵ0 the permittivity of free space
r0 distance to the closest ion
n Born exponent that is typically between 5 and 12 and is determined experimentally. This number is related to the electronic configurations of the ions involved
Solved Examples for Lattice Energy Formula
Students who have access to the Lattice Energy Formula will benefit from having a firm grasp of both basic and advanced subjects when answering questions from the NCERT school textbooks. Students will have a strong conceptual understanding of the chapter once they have finished it. They can assess their performance and make the necessary changes by comparing their replies to the Lattice Energy Formula. The Extramarks teachers finished the Lattice Energy Formula chapter-specific study guide. A few of the learning modules and study tools available to students who want to do better on their exams are chapter-by-chapter worksheets and practice examinations.
