Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12

Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 – Reproduction in Plants

While progressing to a higher grade, Science gets more conceptual and it’s important for students to thoroughly comprehend the knowledge learnt in primary classes. Students should first read through the chapters from NCERT textbooks. And they can rely on their teachers and other study materials to fully understand all the topics covered in each chapter. 

Chapter 12 of Class 7 Science is about ‘Reproduction in Plants’. It’s an important chapter and consists of topics such as:

1. Modes of reproduction
2. Asexual reproduction and its types
3. Sexual reproduction and its types

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Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 – With Solutions

To increase students’ confidence while preparing for the exams, they will find practising Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 beneficial. This question bank includes important questions shortlisted from the NCERT textbook, NCERT exemplar and various other resources with detailed step-by-step solutions for easy understanding of each concept covered in these questions.

Below are a few questions and their solutions from our question bank of Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12

Question 1: Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.

Answer 1: Listed below are the various types of asexual reproduction in plants with examples: 

1. Vegetative propagation: In this type of asexual reproduction, the new daughter plants are developed from the roots, stems, leaves, and buds of the parent plant. 

Vegetative propagation is divided into two types:

(i) Natural Vegetative Propagation:  In nature, this type of vegetative reproduction occurs most frequently and easily. For Example, a new potato plant sprouting from an eye.

(ii) Artificial Vegetative Propagation: this type of vegetative reproduction is performed in laboratories manually in a controlled environment. For Example, the stem cutting method for the rose plant.

1. Budding: Budding is a process which involves the formation of a new individual from a bulb-like parent body called a bud.  For example, yeast. The bud grows and eventually detaches itself from the parent and becomes an individual.
2. Fragmentation: Fragmentation is a type of asexual reproduction where a new individual is formed from the fragments of the parent body, for example Spirogyra.
3. Spore formation: This type of asexual reproduction is common in plants. Non-flowering plants reproduce through spore formation. Spores are tiny cells protected by thick walls to ensure protection in harsh conditions, for example, bread moulds.

Question 2: Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.

Answer 2:  Sexual reproduction involves the production of seeds, which is a result of the fusion of male and female gametes. In plants, the stamen and pistil are the male and female reproductive organs present in flowers. The main function of the flower in a plant is to reproduce.

Question 3: Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Answer 3: 

 Self-pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the stamen, the male reproductive organ, to the pistil, the female reproductive organ of the same flower. 

It occurs only in bisexual flowers, i.e., flowers containing both male and female reproductive organs.

Cross-pollination is a process that involves the transfer of pollen grains from the stamen; the male reproductive organ, to the pistil; the female reproductive organ of other flowers.  

It can occur in bisexual as well as in unisexual flowers.

QUESTION 5: Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.

Answer 5: Various agents of dispersion help in the dispersion of seeds. Those are:

1. Wind
2. Water
3. Insects
4. Birds
5. Animals

Seeds that are lighter in weight are dispersed by air; some plants, such as tulsi, dandelions, drumsticks, and maple, have winged seeds that flutter to the ground.

The seeds which can float in water are carried by water, for example, coconut, palm, and water lily.

For example, seeds dispersed by insects, animals, and birds are usually sticky or spikey to help attach to the bodies of dispersion agents, for example, mango.

Answer 6: Tick ( ) the correct answer:

(a) The reproductive part of a plant is the:

(i) Leaf.

(ii) Stem.

(iii) Root.

(iv) Flower.

Answer : (iv) Flower 

The reproductive part of a sexually propagating plant is the flower consisting of the stamen and pistil.

 (b)The process of fusion of the male and female gametes is called:

(i) Fertilisation.

(ii) Pollination.

(iii) Reproduction.

(iv) Seed formation.

Answer : (i) Fertilisation

The process of fusion of male and female gametes in the ovary is known as fertilisation; in plants. 

 (c) Mature ovary forms the:

(i) Seed.

(ii) Stamen.

(iii) Pistil.

(iv) Fruit.

Answer : (iv) Fruit after fertilisation, the zygote formed is the plant’s seed, and the ovary becomes the fruit’s pericarp.

(d) A spore-producing plant is:

(i) Rose.

(ii) Bread mould.

(iii) Potato.

(iv) Ginger.

Answer : (ii) Bread mould 

They reproduce asexually through spore formation.

 (e)Bryophyllum can reproduce by its

(i) Stem.

(ii) Leaves.

(iii) Root.

(iv) Flowers.

Answer : (ii) Leaves

Bryophullum reproduces asexually through its leaf, similar to potato reproduces through eye bud formation.

Question 7: Seeds of drumstick and maple are carried long distances by wind because they possess:

(a) winged seeds.

(b) large and hairy seeds.

(c) long and ridged fruits.

(d) spiny seeds.

Answer 7: (a) winged seeds

Seeds of drumstick and maple are carried long distances by the wind because they possess winged seeds, which help them flutter in the air and travel long distances.

Question 8: Which type of pollination does the given figure indicate?

Answer 8: The above figure depicts self-pollination as the pollen grains from the anther of the same flower travel from the anther to the stigma of the same flower. Self-pollination takes place in bisexual flowers.

Question 9: When you keep food items like bread and fruits outside for a long time, especially during the rainy season, you will observe a cottony growth on them.

(a) What is this growth called?

(b) How does the growth take place?

Answer 9: 

1. When food items like fruits and pieces of bread are kept outside for a long time, especially during the rainy season,  a cottony growth of bread mould, which is a commonly found fungus, is observed.
2. The bread mould growth occurs through spore formation by spores present in the atmosphere, which come in contact with moisture on bread and germinate and grow to form their colony.

Question 10: Fill in the blanks with the correct terms. 

The male and female gametes fuse to form a …(a)… during the process of …(b)… . This grows into an …(c)… which is enclosed within a seed. After fertilisation, the ovules develop into …(d)…, and the ovary develops into a …(e)…. .

Answer 10:

(a) zygote

(b) fertilisation

(c) embryo

(d) seed

(e) fruit

Question 11: Pollination refers to the:

(a) transfer of pollen from the anther to the ovary.

(b) transfer of male gametes from the anther to stigma.

(c) transfer of pollen from the anther to stigma.

(d) transfer of pollen from the anther to the ovule.

Answer 11:

(c) transfer of pollen from the anther to stigma.

The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called pollination. Pollen grains by themselves are immobile and hence require the help of external agents to reach the stigma of the flower.

 Question 12: Pick the odd one out from the following based on the mode of reproduction and give a reason for it. Sugarcane, Potato, Rice, Rose

Answer 12: Odd one out of Sugarcane, Potato, Rice, and Rose is Rice as it does not reproduce by vegetative propagation, whereas the other three plants, Sugarcane, Potato, and Rose, propagate through the stem cutting method. Hence, rice is the odd one out.

 Question 13: Lila observed that a pond with clear water was covered with green algae within a week. By which method of reproduction did the algae spread so rapidly?

(a) Budding

(b) Sexual reproduction

(c) Fragmentation

(d) Pollination

Answer 13:

(c) Fragmentation

Algae breaks up into 2-3 fragments. These fragments further develop into new individuals through time. The process continues, and they cover a large area of the body of water in a short period of time as their reproductive rate is much faster. This is also known as an algal bloom, and it indicates a nitrogen-rich water body.  

Question 14: What is the importance of seed dispersal in plants? 

Answer 14: The process of spreading seeds away from their parent plant is called seed dispersal. Seed dispersal is important in many ways: 

1. Seed dispersal is important as it prevents competition between new plants and parent plants for nutrition, sunlight, and water as plants spread throughout the land.
2. Seed dispersal is also beneficial for the continuity of the species. It also plays an important role in preventing the extinction of species.
3. Seed dispersion also allows plants to invade new areas and increase their population.
4. Seed dispersal also allows plants to adapt to new environments and colonise new areas.
5. Seed dispersal by spreading in different areas reduces the chances of predators.

 Question 15: What are the advantages of vegetative propagation?

Answer 15:  Advantages of vegetative propagation are:

1. The plants produced by vegetative reproduction take less time to grow and bear flowers and fruits earlier than sexually reproduced plants.
2. The new plants produced by vegetative reproduction are exact copies of parent plants as they are produced by a single parent.

 Question 16: Dormant spores are formed when:

1. Conditions for growing are unfavourable.
2. Conditions for growing are favourable.
3. The temperature is very low.
4. The water is acidic.

Answer 16:

1. Conditions for growing are unfavourable when conditions for development are not favourable; like extreme weather. Certain species of algae and fungi form dormant spores, which start their development when the growing conditions are favourable.

 Question 17: Gamete formation in sexual reproduction takes place through

1. Meiosis.
2. Mitosis.
3. Fragmentation.
4. Sporogenesis.

Answer 17: 1. Meiosis

Meiosis is a reductional division where the genetic material present in the nucleus is halved, forming the sexual gametes of egg and sperm.

 Question 18: The development of an organism from an unfertilised egg is called:

1. Apomixis.
2. Polyembryony.
3. Anisogamy.
4. Parthenogenesis.

Answer 18: 4. Parthenogenesis

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction found in insects where the growth of a new organism occurs even without the fertilisation of a male gamete.

Question 19: Explain reproduction in plants.

Answer 19: New plants are formed from the seeds of the parent plant. The reproductive part of the plants is the flowers. Flowers contain the stamen, the male reproductive part, and the pistil, the female reproductive part.

The stamen consists of a sag-like structure called an anther containing pollen and a long tube-like structure supporting the anther called the filament.

The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is called pollination. it is further classified as self-pollination and cross-pollination.

The pistil is made up of the stigma, a sticky surface on the top of the style, which is a long tube-like structure leading the pollen grain to the ovary, where the pollen grain releases the male gamete, which fertilises the female gamete.

The fusion of the male and female gamete to form a zygote is called fertilisation. After fertilisation, the zygote develops into an embryo, the ovary develops into the fruit, ovules turn into seeds, and other flower parts fall off. 

The seed contains an embryo inside a protective seed coat to protect it from unfavourable conditions. These seeds are spread out in different places by seed dispersion carried out by various agents like water, air, insects, animals and birds.

 Benefits of Solving Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12

Science Class 7 Chapter 12 Important Questions covered all the important topics from the chapter reproduction in plants. As the question bank contains important questions from the whole chapter, there is a high likelihood that these questions may appear in exams. Hence, students are advised to practise  Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 for their overall preparation.

A few of the benefits of solving Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Important Questions are 

1. This list of Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 is beneficial for students’ preparations for exams as the question bank contains questions from every topic present in Chapter 12 of Science Class 7.
2. Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12 contains multiple choice questions [MCQs], short answer type questions and long answer type questions with answers to aid students in their preparation and in their self-assessment. The results can be maximised by the students practising these questions.
3. To utilise Important Questions Class 7 Science Chapter 12, students are advised to go through the NCERT chapter and NCERT exemplar and understand the concepts and further use this question bank to access their knowledge of the chapter.
4. If faced with any difficulty while solving Important Questions, Class 7 Science Chapter 12 students can refer to the solution provided after the question to improve their knowledge. By following this method, students will develop the habit of relearning the correct answer and unlearning the misunderstood concepts, helping them to score good marks in exams.

To provide ultimate support to students who desire to achieve good marks in exams, Extramarks provides learning materials for students of Class 1 to students of Class 12. Students can access the materials through the links given below:

• NCERT Books
• Important Formula
• CBSE Revision Notes
• CBSE Syllabus
• CBSE Sample Papers
• CBSE Past Years’ Question Paper
• CBSE Extra Questions