CBSE Class 11 Biology Revision Notes Chapter 5

CBSE Class 11 Biology Revision Notes Chapter 5 – Morphology of Flowering Plants

Morphology is a discipline of science that focuses on the biological system’s structure and characteristics. It is primarily concerned with plant shapes, morphological traits, and relative placements. The study of exterior aspects of flowering plants is known as the morphology of flowering plants. A plant’s root and shoot systems are the two primary outer components.

This chapter covers the structure, functions, classifications, and other morphological properties of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds of flowering plants. In order to prepare for this chapter in a better way, students can refer to the Revision Notes prepared by Extramarks. These notes summarise all the important concepts for this chapter for student’s reference.

Notes of Chapter 5 Biology Class 11 Download

Extramarks notes are prepared by subject experts and professionals with utmost efficiency and accuracy after conducting extensive research. These notes help students to grasp the concepts of the chapters quickly and also enhance their learning experience.

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Morphology of Flowering Plants Class 11 Notes

The study of an organism’s structure, size, colour, and form, among other things, is known as morphology. The following topics are covered in Biology Notes for Class 11 Chapter 5.

  • Roots: First, the root systems are addressed. Roots can be classified into different categories including Taproots, fibrous roots, and adventitious roots. Chapter 5 Biology Class 11 notes also discuss the various root regions including:
  1. Root cap
  2. Place where the meristematic activity takes place
  3. Elongation region
  4. Maturation region
  5. Root hair

A few plants’ roots also modify their structure and form to provide additional purposes. Examples are storage, respiratory, prop, adventitious, stilt, ascending, foliar, and haustorial origins.

  • Stem: The many aspects of the shoot system, beginning with the stem, nodes, internodes, and so on, are discussed in this portion of Class 11 Biology notes Chapter 5. Various stem-like sub-aerial alterations (runner, stolon, sucker, and offset), subterranean modifications (tuber, rhizome, corm, and bulb), and aerial modifications (phylloclade and thorns) are also discussed in this chapter.
  • Leaf: Biology Class 11 Chapter 5 covers all aspects of leaves. Students may be confident that they will discover an all-important element from the diagram to the leaf sections (leaf base, petiole, and lamina), leaf kinds, leaf lifetime, and lamina venations. Furthermore, the alteration of leaves is addressed.
  • Inflorescence

This portion covers the notion of inflorescence and its many kinds, such as racemose and cymose. The following kinds are subdivided into these two classes:

  • Racemose – Raceme, spike, catkin, spadix, corymb, capitulum and umbel.
  • Cymose – Uniparous cyme (helicoid cyme and scorpioid cyme), dichasial or biparous cyme and multiparous cyme.

Inflorescence, such as cyathium, hypanthodium, and verticillaster are presented in the final section of the leaf segment.

  • Flower: This section talks about several important aspects of a flower and its constituent components, such as stamen, petal, sepal, carpel, flower symmetry, floral leaf insertion, bract kinds, and so on. You will also learn about the different sections of a flower-like corolla and calyx and their diverse shapes. Furthermore, the forms of aestivation in corolla are investigated, including valvate, twisted, imbricate, and vexillary. There are also detailed descriptions of stamen cohesions (monadelphous, diadelphous, synandrous, syngenesious, and polyadelphous), stamen adhesions, stamen length, ovule cohesion, placentation, and so on.
  • Seeds and Fruit: The fruit and seed portion of a plant, like the preceding sections, includes all aspects of the same. For example, you will learn what epicarp, endocarp, mesocarp, real and false fruit, fruit classifications, and other terms imply. On the other hand, the seed section discusses the structure of dicot and monocot seeds.

Other subjects covered include the semi-technical description of a blooming plant, vegetative characteristics, floral characteristics, vital flowering plant groups, and their economic value.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What characteristics do Angiosperms have?

Flowering plants are made up of angiosperms, all flower-bearing plants. They may adapt to their surroundings and develop into bushes, shrubs, herbs, and other tiny plants. Angiosperms have the following characteristics: (a) stamen and tiny pollen grains; (b) small female reproductive organs; (c) they generate endosperms, and (d) they blossom at least once during their lifetime.

2. What's the difference between flowering and non-flowering plants?

The way flowering and non-flowering plants reproduce is the most significant distinction. Flowering plants utilise pollination, whereas non-flowering plants employ dispersion to produce. Flowering plants are divided into angiosperms and gymnosperms, and non-flowering plants are divided into Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, and Thallophyta. In addition, how flowering and non-flowering plants attract animals varies. Even though both species are vulnerable to pests, small animals, and other insects, you’ll note that flower-bearing plants attract butterflies, birds, and bees. They don’t hurt the plant; instead, they gather pollen and nectar.

3. What are the different flower parts?

A flower has four fundamental parts: calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. The calyx is made of the sepals that make up the outermost section of a flower and support the entire structure. Second, the corolla refers to the vividly coloured petals that attract birds, butterflies, and pollinators. Finally, androecium refers to the male reproductive organ that consists of a stalk, filament, and anther. Finally, the gynoecium, which contains the stigma, ovary, and style, is the female reproductive portion.